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Herbs 香草

意大利甜羅勒 (Sweet Basil)

  • 特點:綠葉光滑,色澤柔和,帶有甜味與茴芹的香氣。當羅勒開花時,會長到白色的花朵。

  • 種法:喜歡溫暖多濕的環境,甜羅勒需要常常修剪,亦須視狀況施薄肥。羅勒在開花後,須把花苞剪掉。若不修剪,待到結完花穗後其壽命就會終了。

  • 用法:在中藥方面,常用以治療跌打損傷和蛇蟲咬傷。在古醫藥學中,羅勒還可以被用於治療青春痘及呼吸道問題。在食效上,甜羅勒是義大利麵基礎醬料之一「青醬」的主要製作食材。

  • Introduction (description): Sweet basil leaves are chartreuse green in oval-shaped, and the flowers are white. 

  • Guide to planting: Sweet basil likes moist but well-drained soil, and is most healthy at 27 to 32 degree Celsius. Pruning is key to making sweet basil grow healthy. 

  • Uses: Sweet basil plays an important role in Italians cuisines, as it forms the basis of pesto and is added to salads, pasta, pizza, and other dishes. 

意大利甜羅勒-語音導賞
Sweet Basil - Audio
b27e32775e5f15bd1187cb2e08aa893c.jpg

到手香 (Oregano)

  • 特點:葉片帶有肉質感,葉面充滿絨毛,輕輕摸就會有滿手香氣。因用手觸摸就可以得到的香氣而命名。

  • 種法:到手香是喜歡陽光的植物,在陽光充足的環境中生長會較快,葉子同時也會長得較厚實。到手香澆水時不宜太多或太少,夏天需多澆水,冬天則減少。每個月可施肥一至兩次並可適當澆水,但冬季和夏季一役要停止施肥。

  • 用法:在藥用方面,將到手香新鮮嫩葉摘下清洗,加入少量鹽文在口中含幾分鍾可咳嗽、喉嚨痛與聲音沙啞。除此之外,到手香的汁液對擦傷、刀傷、燒燙傷等深具功效。

  • Introduction (description): The leave of oregano is thin and furry. 

  • Guide to planting: Oregano likes sun, warm weather, and well-drained soil. Too much watering or fertilizing have detrimental effects on the plant. 

  • Uses: Some people use oregano for wound healing, parasite infections. 

到手香-語音導賞

薄荷 (Mint)

  • 特點:全株青氣芳香。葉對生,花小淡紫色。

  • 種法:喜歡光充足、溫暖濕潤的環境,陽光越充足,葉子才會越長越多越長越大。因此,薄荷不宜種在蔭蔽的地方。薄荷須勤修剪及澆水,才會越來越茂盛。

  • 用法:薄荷是中華常用中藥之一,可治流行性感冒、頭疼等症。外用可治神經痛、皮膚瘙癢、皮疹和濕疹等。薄荷可以沖水代茶,清心明目。

  • Introduction (description): Mint is highly aromatic, and its leaf shape are lanceolate with serrated edges. The flowers are white to purple. 

  • Guide to planting: The ideal soil is moist and well-drained. Mint prefers partial shade. Pruning mint is to encourage new growth and a fresh flush of leaves. 

  • Uses: Some claim that mint may help relieve indigestion and improve brain function. Mint can also be used in tea making, and mint tea can be seen as a common remedy for relief from cold and flu symptoms. 

薄荷-語音導賞
Mint - Audio
Mint-leaves-2007.jpg
Oregano - Audio

紫蘇 (Perilla)

  • 特點:莖呈四稜柱形,葉片橢圓形或卵形,邊緣有鋸齒,兩面多為綠色或紫色,花帶有紫及粉色。

  • 種法:喜歡溫暖濕潤、陽光充足的氣候,對土壤選擇不苛求,但以排水良好、土質疏鬆肥沃之砂質壤土為佳

  • 用法:在醫學上,紫蘇有解熱、抗癌,增強記憶及治療慢性氣管炎、感冒等疾病的作用。在食效上,用蘇葉與魚蟹一同食用,有解魚蟹等寒涼之物引起的吐瀉、腹痛之用。

  • Introduction (description): Perilla leaves are green or purple in spade-shaped. Originated from East Asian countries.

  • Guide to Planting: Perilla is draught-tolerant, adaptable to different environments. Although it can grow in almost all kinds of soil, it best grows in well-drained soil between 6-6.5 pH values.

  • Uses: The baby leaves of perilla can be used to wrap sashimi or grilled meat or with different cuisines. Perilla is used by some to treat cold, and vomiting.

紫蘇-語音導賞
Perilla - Audio

迷迭香 (Rosemary)

  • 特點:葉呈狹長形,邊緣反卷,葉帶灰綠色,花色有藍色、粉紅色、白色等。小花含多量花粉對蜜蜂吸引力很大。果實為很小的球型堅果,迷迭香全株植株均可利用,香味強烈。

  • 種法:避免高溫多濕的氣候及環境,不用常常澆水,2-3天一次即可。勤修剪,須剪掉過多和老化的枯枝葉,以避免招來病蟲害進駐 。

  • 用法:可以沖調花茶,加入蜂蜜或砂糖便可飲用,迷迭香花草茶則有益心臟;減少心臟病病作、消除疼痛及幫助入眠。在烹調方面,新鮮嫩枝葉可消除肉類腥味,少數幾枝嫩莖葉即可香烤豬排、羊排及牛小排等肉類。

  • Introduction (description): With narrow, needle-shaped leaves, rosemary has flowers in white, pink, purple or blue color. 

  • Guide to planting: It grows best in full sun, and let the plants dry out thoroughly between each watering. 

  • Uses: Rosemary flowers can be used in tea making, and drinking rosemary tea can help improve digestive processes. 

迷迭香-語音導賞
Rosemary - Audio

九層塔   (Thai Basil)

  • 特點:屬羅勒的一種,莖呈深紫紅色,帶有茴芹和丁香的香氣。九層塔開花時,花會以三個花頭長在莖上為一層,約共長出九層,所以稱作九層塔。

  • 種法: 喜歡陽光充足、氣候溫暖的天氣。九層塔開花呈現寶塔狀,如果看到九層塔開花,建議摘除,否則會減少壽命。

  • 用法:常用於熱炒料理如經典的泰式炒河粉 (Pad Thai) ,更可用於治病殺菌、美容、提神作用。

  • Introduction (description): Thai basil has pink-purple flowers, which can grow tall, tall like a tower. 

  • Guide to planting: Thai basil prefers lightly moist soil, and thrives in full sun. 

  • Uses: Thai basil is mainly used in Thai cuisines, such as green curries and pho noodle dishes, in order to bring a delicate aniseed and clove flavor. 

九層塔-語音導賞
Thai Basil - Audio

百里香 (Thyme)

  • 特點:屬脣形目唇形科,與薄荷同科屬,百里香是一種矮小耐寒的常青灌木植物。葉片很少但味道非常芬芳,有胡椒的香味,嚐起來辣辣的,有丁香和薄荷的味道。

  • 種法:百里香需要光線充足的生長環境,合適生長溫度為20-25°C,每7-10天澆水一次,如在夏天種植,因植物較虛弱最好不要施肥。可在開花前剪取部份枝葉食用,否則開花後植物會較易死亡。

  • 用法:百里香含有的「百里酚」能夠殺菌防腐、幫助消化、鎮咳驅風、抑制支管發炎。而飲用百里香茶則有止咳、去痰的作用。

  • Introduction (description): Thyme is an aromatic perennial evergreen herb of the family Lamiaceae, a family which includes also mint and basil. Thyme tastes somewhat peppery, spicy and astringent with a slightly bitter aftertaste. 

  • Guide to planting: Thyme should be located outdoors in bright sunlight. When the thyme plant has flowered, one should pinch the flowers off to allow the plants to grow stronger and produce more leaves. 

  • Uses: Thymol, the principal aromatic component of thyme, can be used as animal repellents or medical disinfectants. Thyme tea can relieve ailments such as colds and flu. 

百里香-語音導賞
Thyme - Audio
429097558_m.jpg

艾草 (Wormwood)

  • 特點:艾草的葉子具有絨毛,葉子正面與背面的顏色有明顯的分別。

  • 種法:艾草的適應性較強,以潮濕肥沃的砂質壤土生長較好,當艾草比較矮的時候一般是用噴灌的方式,等到艾草長到一米的時候就需要改變灌溉方式採用漫灌,否則會將斷裂。

  • 用法:在醫學上,艾草具有散寒、止痛、上血、解熱的作用。而在中醫上,利用燃燒艾草所散發出的味道和熱度來刺激穴道。此外,艾草有驅蚊的作用,將艾草點燃,散發出來的煙霧能有效將蚊子趕走。

  • Introduction (description): Wormwood leaves bear minute oil-producing glands, greenish-grey colored above, white below. 

  • Guide to planting:  Wormwood requires a sunny location with quickly draining soil. To prevent fungal infections of the stems and roots, wormwood needs to be watered when the top inch of soil dried out completely.  

  • Uses: As medicine, wormwood can be used for dyspepsia. 

艾草-語音導賞
Wormwood - Audio

臭草 (芸香) Common Rue

  • 種法:耐旱。宜生於乾爽、陽光充足及通風良好的地方。

  • 食法:綠豆沙臭草海帶,清熱解毒,利尿活血。

  • Guide to planting: Common rue is drought tolerant and does not need much watered. It is best grow in well-drained soil. 

  • Uses: Common rue is commonly used in the making of Chinese green bean soup. Green beans are rich in vitamins and minerals. 

臭草
Common Rue - Audio
rue.jpg

鼠尾草 Sage

  • 品種:一定分為普通鼠尾草(Common Sage)、快樂鼠尾草(Clary Sage)和白鼠尾草(White Sage) 

  • 種法:土壤以鹼性為佳,要疏水良好,微微濕潤,不能太濕也不可太乾。建議泥土乾透後才淋透。不宜生於潮濕之地,要多曬陽光

  • Species: Generally, there are three types of sage: common sage, Clary sage and white sage. 

  • Guide to planting: Sage likes well-drained soil, with a pH value between 6 and 7. Sage hates wet roots, as one should avoid overwatering it, and water it regularly especially during dry spells.   

鼠尾草-語音導賞
Sage - Audio

歐芹 Parsley

  • 特點:別稱香芹、巴西利、番芫荽等。是傘形科歐芹屬的二年生草本植物,原產地中海沿岸。

  • 種法:喜濕潤,但土壤排水性亦要足夠。

  • 用法︰可作蔬菜和香草,具有清爽的香味和鮮綠色,也是一種常見的草藥。富含多種維生素和營養素。

  • Introduction (description): Parsley, native to central and eastern Mediterranean region, is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae. 

  • Guide to planting: Parsley enjoys wet but well-drained soil.

  • Uses: Parsley is widely cultivated as a herb or a vegetable, and often used as a garnish for its fresh green color. It is rich in Vitamin C and other antioxidants. 

歐芹-語音導賞
Parsley - Audio
sage.jpg
Parsley.webp
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